基于Modbus协议的电力监控系统设计

针对ACR系列网络多功能电力仪表的特性完成了上位机监控系统的设计,该系统使用VB语言编写,通过RS232接口,利用MODBUS协议与20个仪表进行通信,将分析得到的电压数据在系统界面上显示。经测试,该设计可满足实际需要。     

立体栖架散养蛋鸡行为加速度信号降噪方法比较分析

针对采用姿态传感器监测散养蛋鸡行为过程中存在加速度信号易受噪声干扰,不同行为加速度信号特征尚不清晰的问题,以立体栖架散养蛋鸡的三维空间行为为目标,在构建蛋鸡穿戴式行为监测系统,获取不同行为加速度信号的基础上,研究小波阈值、CEEMDAN、CEEMDAN结合小波阈值对加速度信号的降噪效果,分析蛋鸡6种典型行为活动的加速度信号特征。结果表明:1)小波史坦无偏似然估计(Rigrsure)阈值的降噪效果更好,降噪后信号的信噪比(SNR)为17.613 2,均方根误差(RMSE)为0.045 0;2)根据X、Y轴加速度标准差分布特征,可将蛋鸡三维空间行为活动强度由低到高分为趴卧和站立、采食和饮水、行走、跳跃4类,各类行为活动的加速度信号标准差差异极显著(P<0.001)。本研究表明,小波Rigrsure阈值法在对蛋鸡空间行为活动加速度信号进行降噪的同时可以保留更多的有效信息,可根据加速度标准差对蛋鸡典型行为的活动水平进行分类识别。     

褐稻虱发声机理模型和雌虫鸣声的人工模拟

 褐稻虱Nilaparvata lugens(Stal)雌、雄成虫均能振动腹部．发出由固体介质(寄主植株)传递的声信号,用于交尾前的个体间通讯。整个发声过程似为卷积同态系统， 包括：冲击序列发生器、腹部振动单元、后基片振动单元及机械滤波器。最近发现的摩擦发声器是该系统的核心。根据上述发声模型，用电子振荡电路成功地模拟了褐稻虱雌虫鸣声。     

The importance of safety signals in animal handling and training

This review considers the importance of safety for various species of domestic animals and explains how the need for safety may motivate them to offer a variety of unwelcome responses. We argue that the value of safety to animals is often overlooked by trainers and handlers. As a result, animal owners, handlers, trainers, and veterinarians are regularly injured, and training may fail. Reinforced responses that increase the animal's perceived sense of safety but simultaneously endanger the safety of handlers or trainers may lead to the inadvertent training of dangerous responses. This review offers suggestions about how safety can be used effectively and humanely as a resource in operant training. Training calmness in the presence of a specific stimulus that is associated with safety may deserve closer attention. The ethics of creating the need for safety in domestic animals as part of a training regime are discussed. It emerges that the highly prized attribute of so-called trust in animal–trainer dyads may, at least sometimes, be a manifestation of trainers acting as safety signals. Similarly, animals said to have confidence in and regard for their handlers may value the relative safety they afford.     

Chemical communication in Ceratophysella sigillata (Collembola: Hypogastruridae): intraspecific reaction to alarm substances

When disturbed or damaged, the winter-active collembolan Ceratophysella sigillata releases a strong aromatic odour, which can be perceived even by humans. The efficiency of the substances released as an intraspecific alarm substance was investigated. C. sigillata showed distinct reactions to chemicals released by conspecifics; crushed conspecifics, cuticle washings (with pentane) and whole body extracts (with methyl acetate) were tested. Our results demonstrate that a very sensitive intraspecific avoidance reaction is present to the substances released by crushed C. sigillata as well as to washings and extracts: extracts from as little as half a springtail induced a significant avoidance reaction in conspecifics. Alarm substances were present in all instars of C. sigillata including eggs, and all instars of C. sigillata tested showed similar reactions to the extracts or crushed conspecifics.     

根系化学讯号与稻米品质的关系

【目的】试图阐明水稻根系化学讯号与米质形成的关系。【方法】试验采用不同基因型的水稻材料，测定结实期根系玉米素（Z）＋玉米素核苷（ZR）、脱落酸（ABA）、1-氨基环丙烷1-羧酸（ACC）和根系分泌的有机酸以及稻米外观品质和蒸煮食味品质，并进行相关分析。【结果】表明灌浆中、后期根系Z＋ZR浓度与胶稠度及碱化值呈显著或极显著正相关（r＝0.72*～0.90**），与直链淀粉含量呈显著或极显著负相关（r＝-0.68*～-0.78**）；灌浆中期根系ABA浓度与胶稠度及碱化值呈极显著负相关（r＝-0.90** ～-0.91**），与直链淀粉含量呈极显著正相关（r＝0.87**）；灌浆中期根系ACC浓度与垩白粒率和垩白度呈极显著正相关（r = 0.97**～0.98**），灌浆后期根系ACC浓度与米粒的垩白度和垩大小呈极显著正相关（r = 0.69*～0.96**）。结实期根系分泌的苹果酸和琥珀酸越多的品种，其稻米淀粉谱的崩解值越大，消解值越小；而根系分泌的酒石酸和柠檬酸越多的品种，结果则相反。根系分泌乳酸较多的品种，稻米的胶稠度和碱化值较小，直链淀粉含量较高。结实期外源ZR、ABA和ACC处理根系后对稻米品质的影响，与内源激素(Z+ZR, ABA, ACC)同稻米品质指标的关系基本吻合。施用菜籽饼作有机肥，可以提高根系苹果酸和琥珀酸浓度并增大崩解值和降低消解值。【结论】根系化学讯号对稻米品质的形成起重要作用，通过调控根系化学讯号，可以改善稻米品质。     

甲虫声通讯的研究进展

声通讯是甲虫的重要通讯方式,在种内交流、求偶、逃避敌害等方面具有重要作用。关于甲虫声通讯的研究早在一百多年前就已经展开,主要集中在形态结构、声信号的产生和功能、声行为以及应用等方面。本文就国内外关于甲虫声通讯的研究及应用进行综述。     

高等植物中的电信号研究进展

植物对外界刺激发生反应的过程中,往往会有多种信号共同作用。电信号的产生与植物的敏感性、植物的生理状态及刺激因子有关。已发现的电信号有动作电波,变异电波,复合电波,振荡电波及波中波等多种类型。电信号的传递途径及传递机制仍然存在争议。植物的多种生理效应与电信号的产生、传递有关。     

基于数值模拟的栓塞修复过程中AE信号分析

为探讨木质部栓塞修复过程监测到大量AE信号现象的原因,基于Rayleigh-Plesset方程建立描述栓塞修复过程中空化泡的运动方程,并用数值模拟方法得到空化泡运动方程的解,对AE信号进行动力学分析。结果表明:当木质部液水势升高时,空化泡会塌缩为半径较小的气泡。但经过一次塌缩并不会使栓塞修复。在压强升高的情况下,气泡会经多次塌缩直到形成稳定的微小气泡,栓塞才会完全修复。在气泡多次塌缩的过程中,气泡半径减小,但是并不是单调减小而是以减幅振动的方式减小,从而形成振源,成为AE信号的来源之一。